Demand In Health Care Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Demand In Health Care - Essay Example the health care facilities are scarce, with limited hospitals and doctors. Most of the rural areas are deprived of proper medical treatments. In these developing (and under developed) countries most of the population belongs to the rural areas. The availability of proper medical facilities is scarce (Pear & Lowry, 2012). In addition to this, low standard medical facilities are available at significantly high prices. The demand for the proper medical treatment becomes low in rural areas because of lack of affordability and access to the up to the mark medical goods or services. Therefore, people in developing countries, particularly in the rural areas demand health care services. On the contrary, in developed countries most of the people are provided with the facilities of health care insurance at reasonable prices, which can make the access to proper medical facilities easier (McConnell, Campbell, Brue & Stanley, 1990), therefore people in developed countries like Canada, U.S and Europe take great care of their health. This again reflects the law of demand. The example illustrates the fact that there are different categories of health care facilities, some of them are those, which cannot be avoided for example in case of a car accident the emergency treatment cannot be avoided. The demand for the medical treatment in such situations is considered inelastic, no matter at what price the medical treatment is available. On the other hand, some medication for the purpose of headache can be avoided if the prices of medical facilities are high. Therefore, the demand for medical facilities, which are needed in case of emergency are inelastic i.e. with the change in price the demand of medical facilities may have insignificant impact. On the same logic (but with a different scenario), the demand for minor medication is highly elastic i.e. the demand reduces with the increase in price. On the contrary, the demand increases with

The Daimler Chrysler Case Essay Example for Free

The Daimler Chrysler Case Essay QUESTION 1: How would you evaluate Daimler’s choice of partner/target? What is in your opinion the main reason for the troubles in integrating the two companies? The Daimler-Chrysler merger represent an example of poor partner selection when engaging in cross-border collaboration. Cultural and strategic differences between the two companies have significantly affected the outcome of the merger and should have been taken into consideration in the target choice phase. Strategic objectives of the two companies are opposite, with Daimler focusing on high-end, high-performance segment, and brand protection, and Chrysler focusing on more affordable and comfortable vehicles. Differences in organizational cultures, flexible and innovative on the Chrysler side, structured and bureaucratical on the Daimler side, have also played a significant role in the failure of the merger. Differences in executives pay, national regulations of governance structures and different degree of executives involvement, contributed to make the conflict even more harsh(see Appendix). Although cultural differences may be identified as the most plausible cause of DaimlerChrysler merger failure, the cause of the negative outcome is rooted in the ex ante selection and negotiation phase. Negotiations have been mainly carried on by companies’ presidents with few, if any, executives involved in the process. No consideration has been given to business differences and no agreement on the new venture structure and culture has been discussed beforehand. Moreover, while the outcome of negotiations was presented as a merger, it was more of a Daimler acquisition of Chrysler. This misbehavior was the origin of main management flaws. In fact the creation of a board with equal number of the companies’ executives and the simultaneous differences in executive pay and titles, created confusion among the employees about the nature of the relationship. When Daimler tried to take the lead of the new venture in this context, it lacked necessary leadership to effectively ma nage the company. Strategic objectives eventually clashed, due to Daimler unwillingness to give up its high-end image in order to adapt to Chrysler culture. Again, this is the result of a general failure in identifying the most appropriate partner to pursue the company’s objectives. Daimler also lacked a comprehensive analysis of business culture differences between the companies’ employees. A thorough analysis would have showed that the differences in the nature of the processes adopted by the companies could have caused significant problems when coming to the integration of the new venture. QUESTION 2: If you could turn back time and start all over again, what advice would you give to Schrempp and Eaton before the merger? Should they have considered an alliance? If so – would they be good partners for each other? Why, or why not? In order to ensure a better outcome of their merger both Daimler-Benz and Chrysler should have conducted a more extensive analysis of the partner/target culture and strategic objective and should have evaluated how these factors could have complemented their current competitive advantages. Although the merger objective was to create synergies by exploiting the two companies capabilities, one of the unspoken objectives was to take their respective products to foreing markets. In this view, Daimler choice of merging with Chrysler is seriosly flawed. The German company strongly relies on high-end products and on fancy brand image, while Chrysler targets a low-end segment. Also the integration of product lines has been flawed, as for example Jeep conveys an idea of ruggedness, insted of a luxury one. In this respect it would have been reasonable to choose a partner which deals with similar line of products in order to exploit its knowledge of the market and its distribution channels, rather than a partner like Chrysler which deals with a completly different market segment. The choice of an high-end segment oriented partner could have also contributed to reduce differences in business culture. In fact, companies which market similar product lines are likely to share similar processes and structures and hence similar business culture. On the integration side, negotiating the new venture structure and line of authority beforehand could have helped solving cultural issues. Determining such structure beforehand would have reduced uncertainties in executives roles and misunderstandings between corporate cultures. In order to make this effective I would suggest that executives from the two firms to be involved in the process, so as to develop a strong committment to the new entity’s success(BeamishBartlett, 2011). In addition, the role of the two firms should have been clarified, as this uncertainty lead to major management flaws, with each of the side trying to impose their view of the business on the other. In conclusion I wouldn’t recommend Daimler to choose Chrysler as a target. The differences in strategic objectives and culture are too big for the merger to succeed, especially given the unwillingness of Daimler executives to be open-minded toward the new culture. An automotive enterprise focused on the same segment as Daimler’s(which could eventually share some of the same processes and culture) is more recommended to achieve synergies. However, if the deal has to be made, I would reccomend to start with a temporary alliance and to remain flexible, so as to renegotiate the agreement as strategic objectives evolve and as trust is built among organizations (BeamishBartlett, 2011). References * C.A.Bartlett, P.W.Beamish, â€Å"Transnational management†, McGraw-Hill, 2011 * D.C.St. Jean, â€Å"DaimlerChrysler merger: the quest to create â€Å"One Company†Ã¢â‚¬ , Babson College, 2000

Discussion of Murder Mysteries Essay -- Papers

Murder mysteries have a motive to start off the investigation. Murder mysteries always have detectives, murder/ killing, alibi ´s, victims, weapons, evidence, a twist in a tail, a bit of suspense or maybe a lot of suspense. The location and the setting are some of main factors for a murder mysteries. If a murder mystery doesn ´t contain any of these, it cannot be defined as a murder mystery. Lamb to the Slaughter was written by Roald Dahl. It was first published in 1954. Lamb to the Slaughter is written in speech of time the story was published. In Lamb to the Slaughter the use of present day modern language so automatically gives the impression that it is written in present day modern and now. Roald Dahl is more famous for writing children ´s story. Roald Dahl always writes about ordinary people who get involved in difficult situations for his stories for adults. Lamb to the Slaughter is more prominent as an adults story. This is a murder mystery and one of the two short stories that I am going to investigate. The other short story which I will be investigating is The Speckled Band. The Speckled Band was written by Sir Arthur Conan Doyle. It was first published in 1892. The Speckled Band is also written in speech of the time the Speckled Band was first Published. The language of that time seemed to be much formal as accurate English and much less slang was used. Holmes and Watson speak very typically English and p... ... manner that the reader ´s suspension of disbelief is never broken. We are with Mary Maloney from the first sentence of the story, and only at the end do we realise that we never really knew her at all. The irony of it all is that the police who were puzzled why they could not find the murder weapon we are consuming it. This was almost a sick comical twist to the ending. When she laughs didn ´t seem funny but more sinister and evil. Compare The Speckled Band, Lamb to the Slaughter is easy to work out from the Speckled Band and more predictable. So if you are looking for a challenge The Speckled Band is the one to read but I think for the younger reader ´s Lamb to the Slaughter would be better. The Speckled was much more complicated and had much more twists and turns in it, and you weren ´t sure what was going to come next.

A day in a Cave in the Rocky Mountains Essay

The soft morning breeze blew over the peaks and through the tall fragrant evergreen forest. Just outside the small mountain town of Idaho Springs, Colorado on a warm mid-summer morning back in 1991 I stood on my porch watching the wildlife busily starting the day. I stepped back into my little trailer house and picked up the land line and dialed the Hunt brothers’ number. Dan picked up the phone with a cheery â€Å"Hello.† â€Å"Hey bud† I said, â€Å"are you and Devan ready to head out on this weeks spelunking adventure?† He laughed loudly and replied â€Å"We’ve been waiting for you. Let’s go.† â€Å"Okay,† I stated â€Å"I will meet you two at the bottom of the hill in fifteen minuets† and we hung up. I got my things together and hustled out the front door. I heard barking up the hill behind the house and called â€Å"Coda come.† And my four-legged Chow-mix buddy came charging down the hill full of vibrancy and joy. Coda and I walked on down the road and met up with Dan and Devan at a clearing on the other side of Clear Creek, which was the local river that eventually furnished the Coors brewery in Golden. The four of us headed up the hill through a valley to a tailing pile that laid in front of the entrance that awaited us. See more:  Perseverance essay The entrance beckoned our arrival with a musty damp scent from years of still life in darkness. We had explored this mine a few times before and found it to be the biggest one accessible to adventurers like us needing to fulfill our desire of adrenalin brought on by the many aspects of danger that lie within. Coda led the way and I carefully ducted through the low overhead opening of rock and stone that was the entry to the bowels of this mountain. The feeling of the cool damp air on my exposed skin ran a shiver down my spine as I moved forward leaving the morning sun and safety of the outside world behind. The sound of crushed rocks under our feet echoed off the solid stone walls stretching far into the distance before fading away in silence. After about 200 feet the passageway turned to the left and the day light from the outside was lost. With the flick of a switch my three-cell Mag-Light broke the darkness and the sparkle of mica and pyrite reflected off the narrow walls and ceiling. In previous journeys through this mine we had found and traveled several levels and what seemed like miles of tunnels. Coda  was leading the way and every once in awhile I would call him, â€Å"Coda come.† And a moment later his soft brown eyes would reflect in the glow of our flashlights. After about 30 minutes of travel we came to the main shaft that led to the upper levels, It was about fifteen feet in diameter and had an old wooden ladder on the left side with its rugs full of crushed rock from years of deteriation and on the right side was a chute that ore from the upper levels was dropped down and loaded into the ore cars then taken out of the mine. We decided to take a water and smoke break here and sat ourselves down on the cool rocky floor in a small circle. Dan pulled out the water bottle, took a drink and passed it around while following our traditions I lit a candle and placed it in the middle of our circle. Devan then pulled out a joint and Dan’s Bic-lighter flicked as he lit up the joint and we passed it around heightening our experience with the mind altering effects of natures own. We absorbed the stillness hearing only our own breathing and the rustle of Coda’s feet investigating the tunnel around the next corner ahead. It wasn’t long and I became aware that I could no longer hear the noises of Coda up ahead. I called out his name, â€Å"Coda† waited a moment for the sound of his paws coming down the tunnel but in return all we heard was the sound of a few stones falling and a splash. We all looked at each other in the glimmer of the candle light with the same thought. Ahead in that tunnel there was a large hole in the stone floor going down too far to see with a light. It was one of the few spots we had not ventured yet because on a previous tunnel quest we had tossed some rocks down and after watching them bounce their way down beyond the reach of the lights we heard the splash of water from below. The light of the candle was overwhelmed then extinguished as our flashlights came to life and we moved toward the hole to a lower un-traveled existence. I called for Coda again after we rounded the second corner where the cavern opened up wider, about twenty feet wide by ten feet high and there was merely a two foot wide ledge that gave access to the tunnel ahead. The rest of the ground gave way to what looked liked the throat of Hell ready to swallow its victims. What I feared was true and we could hear from below the whimpering of a  scared friend. I shined my light down the hole and to my hearts content I could see the small figure of Coda just at the last reach of my light. Behind me I heard the sound of a zipper as Devan got into the back-pack and pulled out a rope that was always kept in our survival bag. One end of the rope was tossed to Dan and he quickly tied it to one of the ore car tracks running along the floor. We all knew that this time in this mine we would see what lied beyond our view. Devan tossed the other end down the shaft and when it reached Coda he tried to catch it like a bone, lol. I called down to Coda to ensure him I was on my way down. Then I grabbed the rope in my hands turned around and began a decent down the hole as Dan shown his light below me so I could see where I was stepping. After the first hundred feet the degree of decent decreased and I was able to release one hand off the rope without slipping down to join Coda. I turned my light back on and shown it in Codas direction and another 30 feet away he was excitingly hopping up and down like a lottery winner. I moved closer towards him and when I reached the 3 foot ledge that kept him at bay from jumping on me I hopped down and praised, and cuddled him in a loving nurturing way â€Å"You are such a brave dog† I told him. Devan called down inquiring as to the plan and I hollered back that everything was ok but I would need some help getting Coda back up. Devan started carefully back stepping down the shaft and I decided I would take a quick look around. This was the level we never seen so no since in wasting the trip. The tunnel was about three feet wide by six foot tall. The walls were very damp and the splash we heard was a stream of orange rusty water running right down the middle of the floor. Devan reached the bottom and I directed his attention toward the liquid rust flowing on the floor and the view of the unexplored tunnels in both directions. Our thoughts were on the same path as usual and we called up to Dan telling him to grab the bag, he had to see this! Upon his arrival we made a mutual decision to travel to the right, the direction the flow was coming from. We followed the flow about 70 feet till the tunnel ended abruptly. The sight at the end was something we had never seen before. The whole back wall was covered with an orange, brown and black buildup that looked like it was oozing out of the wall. From the  ceiling there were stalagtites of iron rust hanging down, some of them all the way to the floor. Water dripped from the ends of each of them and a stream came from out of the wall and flowed evenly over the rusty buildup there. We took a couple pictures of this unique and different scene that was in front of us. We poked around there for a few and turned down the other way to see where this flow of water was headed. As we passed our rope leading back up the shaft the flow path of water widened on the cavern floor gradually from the 12 inches to 18 inches and 50 feet further it covered the entire floor. We stood there a moment looking down at our boots submerged in the water past our toes. The decline was gradual and within another 100 feet the water was up to our ankles and rising. Coda stayed behind not wanting to get in the water, and 50 feet further we were knee deep in water. Again we all thought the same and decided that we wouldn’t go any further with out our inflatable raft and it was time to conclude our adventure and return ourselves to the reality of the outside world and allow the sun to shine upon our skin again. When we got back to the rope and Coda was anxiously waiting to get out so we daisy chained our way back up the shaft, pushing and pulling on him till we crested the top and pulled our little friend over the edge. After a short rest and the re-coiling of the rope I led the way back toward the outside world. We halted at the main shaft going to the upper levels were there was another opening on the side of the mountain but with careful consideration the decision was made that we had had enough adventure for one day and we should just head out the way we came. Around the last bend the afternoon sun burst into view and Coda was making a break for it. I stepped out into the hot afternoon sun and looked to the clear blue sky. I thanked God for keeping us all safe one more time. When Dan and Devan came out we headed down the hillside trailing behind Coda till he spotted a rabbit and took off after it. We never made it back down to that lower level to sail forward and see where it led because soon after that trip something happened in that cave and the county department had blocked off both entrances and posted no trespassing signs on them. It’s been awhile now since I’ve made the opportunity to travel back to that community and indulge in a spelunking  adventure, but I to keep in touch with the Hunt brothers via land line and again someday soon, I will make the time to experience that thrill again.

Handout Research Methods in Applied Linguistics Essay

How did the UK population talk about Mexico between 1970’s and 1993? Corpus analysis of the word ‘Mexico’ in the BNC, also with the word ‘Mexican’ as they are directly related. For this assignment I will use the BNC (found 1531 tokens for ‘Mexico’ and 680 for ‘Mexican’), where I will analyse how the UK talked about Mexico between the 1970’s and 1993. My major area of study is business, and I am interested in finding out how discourse analysis using corpora can be used in Marketing, but particularly in the marketing of Mexico in the UK. The UK is currently in 3rd place, following the United States of America and Canada, of the number of visitors (by air) to Mexico. However, the number of visitors from the UK is only 6% of the number of visitors from the United States of America. The Mexican government is concerned that the image of Mexico overseas is not being marketed well. After reading statements from the president of Mexico and articles about the new strategies to promote tourism to Mexico in the UK, there seem to be two main reasons why the tourism from the UK in Mexico has not grown: 1) the media have made people believe that the security situation in Mexico is worse than it actually is and 2) the distance and the costs of travelling to Mexico are too high. Looking at the statistics from 2008 to date, the number of visitors has not changed dramatically so I wonder if perhaps is not the distance and is not the way Mexico is marketed in the UK currently, but the way Britons have had Mexico portrayed to them throughout their lives (if we talk about the adults of today and the generation before them). So, with this research, I aim to find out if the image of Mexico that we are shown in the Media today in Britain is something new or if it is the image that has been present in the UK since the 1970’s. This type of analysis, and perhaps in a bigger scale, could be used to promote and market Mexico in the UK as it would show how people talk about the country and this will give the government a real idea of what needs to be changed and how they can create better marketing with the purpose of increasing the number of visitors from the UK in Mexico and potentially from other countries in Europe. Reading list: Using Corpora in Discourse Analysis (Baker, 2006) Exploring Corpus Linguistics: Language in Action (Cheng, 2012) Discourse Analysis: A resource book for students (Rodney H. Jones, 2012) Secretaria de Turismo (SECTUR), Web Site www. sectur. gob. mx Consejo de Promocion Turistica de Mexico’ (CPTM), Web Site. www. cptm. com. mx Sistema Integral de Informacion de Mercados Turisticos (SIIMT), Web Site. www. siimt. com El porvernir (2011; accessed 20120) Web Site| | | | | | | | | | | www. elporvenir. mx

asian american essays

asian american essays Twinkling stars off in the distant sky shine as a symbol of hope. Hope for those who dream for a better way of living, and a new beginning. Thus this dream would soon be a reality for people of Asian ethnicity, but would prove to be far more difficult then imagined. The road that lied ahead would be full of difficult obstacles, and implicit messages that read "go home," but what was home? People previously known as Orientals and now classified as Asian Americans have almost all, at one time or another, been excluded from U.S. citizenship. Asians were discriminated against because of the color of their skin, or simply put they weren't white. One huge obstacle was "The Naturalization Act of May 16, 1790, which required a two year residence in the United States and one year residence in the state where the naturalization was granted"(Ogle County Naturalization). This Act regulated those who weren't "free whites," and especially targeted Asian immigrants. Congress first created this Act in hopes to discourage immigration by any non white persons. By the mid 1800s citizenship was finally given to African Americans thanks to the 14th Amendment, however Asian immigrants continued to be discriminated against. Not having citizenship in America clearly had its disadvantages. For example, in May 1952 the foreign miners' license tax was issued. American miners felt threatened from the presence of Chinese miners. American miners wanted to eliminate competition from foreign miners. The California Assembly argued that "they degraded the American white workers already in the state and discouraged other Americans from coming to California" (Takaki 81). This tax directed specifically towards the Chinese, which now required a monthly payment from all foreign miners. Since the Chinese at this time could not gain citizenship because of the Naturalization Act of 1790, they soon found themselves victim to this tax. ...

Enhancing the Quality of Education in the Philippines Essay Essay Example

Enhancing the Quality of Education in the Philippines Essay Essay Example Enhancing the Quality of Education in the Philippines Essay Essay Enhancing the Quality of Education in the Philippines Essay Essay Enhancing the quality of basic instruction in the Philippines is pressing and critical. Due to that. one of the treatments of DepEd which incurred last October 2010 is to heighten the basic instruction plan of the state in a mode that is least riotous to the current course of study. most low-cost to authorities and households. and aligned with international pattern through the K-12 policy. The hapless quality of basic instruction is reflected in the low accomplishment tonss of Filipino pupils. Many pupils who finish basic instruction do non possess sufficient command of basic competences. One ground is that pupils do non acquire equal instructional clip or clip on undertaking. This quality of instruction is reflected in the unequal readying of high school alumnuss for the universe of work or entrepreneurship or higher instruction. High school alumnuss besides do non possess the basic competences or emotional adulthood necessity for the universe of work. 1 While the handiness of economic chances contributes to this. it besides illustrates the mismatch in the labour and instruction markets. The World Bank Philippines Skills Report in 2009 reveals. based on a study of employers. serious spreads in critical accomplishments of alumnuss such as problem-solving. enterprise and creativeness. and. to a lesser extent. spreads in occupation specific proficient accomplishments. The enhanced K-12 plan. or the Department of Education’s ( DepEd ) proposal to pass the basic and secondary instruction course of study by adding two more old ages to the system is arguably one of the most drastic and controversial plans of the Aquino disposal. The plan is proposed to get down in school twelvemonth 2012-2013 for Grade 1 and first twelvemonth high school pupils with the mark of full execution by SY 2018-2019. Harmonizing to SEAMEO Innotech 2011. which is considered as the preferable instruction solutions supplier in Southeast Asia and besides an ISO 9001: 2008 Certified. the Filipino is the last state in Asia and one of merely three states in the universe with a 10-year pre-university plan. The K-12 theoretical account to be implemented in the state is an educational system for basic and secondary instruction patterned after the United States. Canada. and some parts of Australia. The current basic instruction system is besides an original of American schooling but with a 10-year rhythm. DepEd grounds that it is high clip to follow a K-12 system. imputing the low accomplishment tonss and hapless quality of basic instruction to the present school apparatus. Following broad protests over the proposal. the section released its official place supporting K-12. 2 â€Å"We demand to add two old ages to our basic instruction. those who can afford pay up to 14 old ages of schooling before university. Therefore. their kids are acquiring into the best universities and the best occupations after graduation. I want at least 12 old ages for our public school kids to give them an even opportunity at wining. † quoted from the statement of His Excellency President Benigno S. Aquino III. K-12 has been met with unfavorable judgment from young person and pupil groups. instructors. parents and the academic community. The DepEd. for its portion. appears determined to ordain the plan with its proposed budget providing largely to fixing the evidences for its eventual execution. The DepEd argues that the K-12 plan will be the solution to annually basic instruction sufferings and the deteriorating quality of instruction. Critics. nevertheless. counteract that the instruction crisis needs to be addressed more basically and adding more school old ages would merely worsen the state of affairs. With the proposed policy K-12 plan. assorted statements and unfavorable judgments were formulated. Different conditions generate different premises. which in bend create different policies. The success of any policy depends on the rightness of its policy premises. 3 Taking this fact into consideration. inquiries take topographic point. should policy premises be made based on current worlds? Or should policy be based on policy conditions as expected to go on. but which may non be by the clip the policy execution was started? The below mentioned jobs are merely some of the questions where necessary replies are in demand to be sought in order to fulfill uncertainnesss with respects to the execution of this educational alterations provided in K-12 Policy. PROBLEMS 1. What is the position of the country’s educational resources as to: * learning force ; * installations and equipments ; * acquisition stuffs ; and * budget? ; 2. What are the commissariats of the policy to the following direct entities? * household ; * work force ; ? and instructional apparatus** ? ; 3. What is the degree of readiness of the concerned implementing stakeholders e. g. DepEd. CHED as to the executing of this educational reformation? and 4. What is the degree of credence of the undermentioned affected stakeholders: * learning staff ; * parents ; and * pupils? 5. What is the degree of capableness of the undermentioned affected stakeholders? * learning staff ; * parents ; and pupils? OBJECTIVES The preparation of policy for the K+12 Education System requires strict systems analysis. Many hodgepodges of issues. sentiments and statistical analysis have already been presented by so many sectors in so many meetings and audiences. But what is more of import to see now is the full image. the whole tapestry of Cause-Effects and Costs-Benefits that the policy. if adopted. will make. The following are the chief aims of the K-12 policy as stated in their guiding principles4: 1. To heighten the course of study of the Enhanced K+12 Basic Education Program as the cardinal focal point. The course of study sweetening will be designed in line with the coveted competences and accomplishments of a K+12 alumnus. The Department of Education will represent a organic structure to reexamine the current basic instruction course of study and detail the execution program. 2. To develop paths based on different competences and/or pupil involvement as an built-in constituent of the plan. Basic instruction plan should develop paths based on competences to run into the country’s varied human capital demands. and to fix pupils for productive enterprise. The SHS course of study will offer countries of specialisation or electives. 3. To heighten the basic instruction course of study being undertaken manus in manus with the vigorous attempts to guarantee adequateness of inputs as portion of the bigger basic instruction reform. Expanding the instruction plan ( extra old ages of schooling ) will be pursued aware of the demand to turn to the input shortages – instructors. schoolrooms. desks. H2O and sanitation. and quality text editions. DepEd already included a proviso for significant physical demands for 2011 budget. and is looking to present in subsequent old ages a budget that will represent a important addition non merely in nominal footings but besides in existent footings. 4. To change alteration in double: course of study sweetening and passage direction. The purpose of K+12 is non simply to add two old ages of schooling but more significantly. to heighten the basic instruction course of study. DepEd is fixing a carefully sequenced execution program to guarantee smooth passage with the least break. 5. To hold an unfastened and advisory procedure to be adopted in the publicity of the Enhanced K+12 Basic Education Program. In conformity with the â€Å"Tao Air National Guard Boss† rule. an unfastened and advisory procedure will be adopted to guarantee the successful development and execution of the K+12 plan. REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE. Many of us believe that in order for a individual to accomplish his success. he must hold a good background in instruction and the attitude of a subsister. A great instruction begins with the desire to larn ( Osterberg. 2004 ) . Education is of import in everybody. It gives us knowledge about the universe around us. strengthens our position in life and helps construct sentiments and have points of position in everything about life. Education is truly of import in conveying our dreams to world. It opens up doors to every chance that would give success in one’s life ( Oak. 2010 ) . In our country’s instance. the Filipino authorities offers merely 10 old ages in basic instruction ( 6 old ages for simple and 4 for high school old ages ) . which is the lowest as compared to 12 old ages in many states in the universe ( PCER. 1999 ) . The hapless command of lessons is common due to the congested course of study and to the great figure of population in public schools. High school alumnuss of 10-year basic instruction course of study are besides believed to miss basic competences and adulthood. They can non lawfully enter into contracts and are non emotionally maturate for entrepreneurship / employment ( DepEd. 2010 ) . Harmonizing to the National Framework Plan for ICTs in Basic Education ( 2010 ) . the hapless public presentation of pupils across our state shown in recent national and international accomplishment trials. and the great figure of dropouts both in simple and secondary degrees. pushes the authorities to add 2 more old ages in the basic instruction course of study or besides termed as the K+12 instruction plan. The K+12 plan agencies Kindergarten and the 12 old ages of simple and secondary degrees. Kindergarten refers to the 5-year old cohort that takes a standardised kinder course of study. Elementary instruction refers to primary schooling that involves six or seven old ages of instruction. Secondary instruction refers to high school ( DepEd. 2010 ) . Harmonizing to the official gazette by the Department of Education ( DepED. 2010 ) . the theoretical account that is presently being proposed by DepEd is the K-6-4-2 Model. This theoretical account involves Kindergarten. six old ages of simple instruction. four old ages of junior high school ( Grades 7 to 10 ) and two old ages of senior high school ( Grades 11 to 12 ) . The two old ages of senior high school intend to supply clip for pupils to consolidate acquired academic accomplishments and competences. By the clip that the issue in K+12 plan was one time once more brought up to public. there has been tonss of remarks and sentiments made by those who agree and disagree about it. The pro-K+12 said that the demand for sweetening of the quality of instruction is pressing and critical and that the congested course of study merely burdens the pupils by the clip they pursue their third degree. The authorities besides stated that by adding two more old ages in our course of study would increase the GDP growing by 2 % . While those who disagree said that the households would hold to blast more money for transit. nutrient and instruction of their kids. Many have besides stated that the authorities does non hold the money to pass for another two old ages in instruction since it does non hold the money to to the full back up today’s ten old ages ( Cruz. 2010 ) . METHODOLOGY The paper presented elucidates what the K-12 policy is all about. the principle of explicating it. the mark stakeholders and donees. Further. it tackles besides the current state of affairs and the version scenario as it was traveling to be implemented this coming school twelvemonth. Assorted facts. unfavorable judgments and premises from different dependable beginnings were asserted in order to confirm inside informations needed for the best apprehension. The presenters wanted to obtain information as to the questions being questioned in the above stated jobs in order to hold a bird’s oculus position to the content and specifications of the said policy. Since the policy is shortly to be implemented. the treatment presented is more on the appraisal of the commissariats and guidelines stipulated in the educational reform in relation to the affected stakeholders. The come up of the undermentioned options were based from the personal appraisals from the presenters out from the thoughts and thorough treatments gained from the varied dependable beginnings. Further. some contents of this portion contain certification of issues and jobs base from the current intelligence and information cited from different dependable beginnings. Furthermore. the positions and sentiments of the presenters do non needfully reflect the contents or treatment of the neither category nor stand point of the capable teacher. therefore all the generated sentiments are strictly coming from the presenters. 1. Eradicate and hinder the execution of the policy. Constraints and restrictions are extremely beliing the concerned K-12 policy. non to advert the involuntariness to encompass the pro’s and con’s brought by this. 2. Suspend the realisation of the policy and reschedule for the following succeeding old ages. Government and direct implementing bureau are non good prepared for the alterations to be incurred. Further preparations and seminars. strengthening of the work force are hereby in demand every bit good as deep incursion to the pupils and parents for the better apprehension and credence. 3. Put into pattern the K-12 policy this coming school twelvemonth. The state needs to better the criterion of the educational system in order to maintain in line with the gaits the other state is pacing. The long term result of the said execution would function as a positive result that will elate the morale of the society therefore conveying noticeable growing to the citizens specifically and to the state as a whole. ANALYSIS AND DISCUSSION 1st Option: Eradicate and hinder the execution of the policy. It is singular and animating to see that Philippines is now come oning economically and as such. to prolong and perchance protract this watercourse. aiming the Education sector of the state is a must. But. unpreparedness. hapless educational engagement and development will certainly give to negative results. The biggest issues the K-12 Education System must turn to are its requirement educational inputs and procedures. If these are non given solution. the K-12 Education System policy is already ruined from the really start. In position of Sarah Katrina Maramag’s thought. â€Å"the crisis of the Philippine instruction system. in all degrees. is stemmed non on the superficial. in this instance the figure of schooling old ages. but instead on the conditions and foundation on which it subsists. Unless the authorities addresses in sincere hapless public disbursement. high costs of schooling. the predomination of a colonial course of study. deficiency of transparence and answerability amid widespread corruptness within the sector and the development of the country’s scientific discipline and engineering for domestic development. all attempts will stay on the surface and neither 10 nor 12 old ages would do much of difference. † To associate with the statement of President PNOY â€Å"to achieve something out of this move to K-12. we need to hold a realistic set of plans† and world cheque. the program doesn’t coincide as to the current state of affairs. Though implementing K-12 would be possible. these paradigm alterations would be harder for the public system for them to get by up with the rapid alterations. Why? Let us settle to the article of Junifen F. Gauuan. foremost. the budget for the instruction sector of the Philippines is. compared to other Newly Industrialized Countries ( NICs ) . comparatively low ( for illustration. difference of about 5 % GDP with Malaysia and Brunei – 3. 1 % GDP Philippines ) . Second. the substructure of the province schools are non contributing plenty to acknowledge more pupils ( image pupils taking double-shifted school clip i. e. 7am-1pm + 1pm-7pm – is that good for pupils to non run into in a one-off-one-time agenda? OR even jam 50 pupils in one category? ) . To correlate demand and supply. more demand = more supply. With the current deficit of instructors. as claimed by ACT ( Alliance of Concerned Teachers ) there is no capacity for the public system to acknowledge more pupils. even more to protract the twelvemonth of survey. Finally. fiscal restraints. 1000000s of people in the Philippines ( to be exact 23 million under the Asia-Pacific poorness line ) are still populating below the poorness line. Are those parents belonging to that line can truly afford another 2 old ages excess in instruction? Ideally. the long term end which can be brought by the policy is good. but world wise. the route in making the mark is under building. non yet completed therefore so far behind. 2nd Option: Suspend the realisation of the policy and reschedule for the following succeeding old ages. It is the belief of some pedagogues that the K+10 Education System failed because it lacked 2 more old ages of survey. We can see that as one ground. But to the thought of the presenters. the bigger ground why K+10 Education System failed is because of hapless educational resources such as schoolrooms. deficiency of instructors. installations and equipment in short budget. Now. though greater budget is allocated to the reform of the educational system in the state but unluckily what hinders most is the present state of affairs of the affected stakeholders such as parents. pupils and instructors non to advert the inaccessibility and lacking of the educational resources. There is a demand of authorization to the portion of the instruction force since it is a great alteration which requires greater understanding and readying. It can’t be denied the fact that the state has great instructors deserving to be proud of. but with the alteration of educational form which they will see. a farther preparation and seminar is so a demand for them to be to the full equipped. Aside from that. the credence of prosecuting the reformed educational system must hold to get down from them since they are considered to be the initial medium that will intercede and edify the procedure of the alterations both to the pupils and the parents. To the portion of the parents. it would be a sudden alteration that will greatly impact their economic standing in footings of the added fiscal duties added besides the uncertainnesss and questions about the alterations wherein non all of them are cognizant. Further enrichment for them to hold a better understanding about the policy is a must and it will certainly take some clip. It is a considerable manner to edify the parents since they are the first in manus who can actuate and steer their kids. To the implementing bureau. the state can non try a test and mistake outcome out of this policy. They must hold to see this non an experimental thing to be tested and evaluated. Beforehand. all of the possible effects and readyings to counter any of those must be good handled and planned already. An rating of the educational resources. a budget program for the instruction force – a long term program of all of these including the building of some extra installations and equipment must be comprehended. To the portion of the presenters. they assumed that those implementing bureau are non good interacted to the possible cases that may come up and the manner to react in instance any unhanding happenings will originate. As will as the parents and pupils. together with the current state of affairs of the state connotes unpreparedness for the execution of the policy. Prosecuting the policy without holding some intercession with the direct stakeholders and sing the factors impacting the result of the policy would blockade sustainability. 3rd Option: Put into pattern the K-12 policy this coming school twelvemonth. The authorities is in to it. the policy was recommended to be implemented. authorities bureaus associating to the educational reform took already an action and slightly due to the media interaction the society can be said as informed about it. The vision is to elate the educational criterions of the state. the mission is to implement processs and procedures provided in the policy. regardless of all the remarks and unfavorable judgments since authorities already spent money for it. so like it or like it really much it should be implemented. CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION. Initially. the DepEd justifies the K-12 theoretical account by stating that the present short basic instruction plan affects the human development of Filipino pupils. Ultimately. regardless of whichever â€Å"model† . what the young person and state direly needs is for the development and constitution of an instruction system that caters to the demands of the Filipino young person and the society in general. Unfortunately. information shows the current state of affairs that the state is confronting in footings of the educational system that might blockade the execution of the said policy. But so. the policy is shortly to be implemented this coming school twelvemonth. To do a recommendation as to the presented options is a head boggling responsibility that the presenters could of all time come up. But merely to fulfill the agencies of holding this paper the terminal is. the presenters chose the 2nd option. 2nd Option: Suspend the realisation of the policy and reschedule for the following succeeding old ages. The presenters select option two as the best option non due to the fact that the Philippines is the last state in the part to follow a K-12 basic instructions system because it is non all about the trending footing but look intoing in conformity to the â€Å"reality† . During the appraisal done by the esteemed organisation Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study ( TIMSS ) . they conclude that the job about the present course of study in squashing 12 old ages of basic instruction into merely 10 is that pupils are overloaded with topics which resulted to hapless quality of basic instruction as reflected in the low accomplishment tonss of Filipino pupils. International tests consequences like 2003 TIMSS rank the Philippines 34th out of 38 states in HS II Math and 43rd out of 46 states in HS II Science ; for class 4. the Philippines ranked 23rd out of 25 take parting states in both Math and Science. In 2008. even with merely the scientific discipline high schools take parting in the Advanced Mathematics class. the Philippines was ranked lowest. This quality of instruction is reflected in the unequal readying of high school alumnuss for the universe of work or entrepreneurship or higher instruction. It is non the inquiry of learning force because internationally we can state that the state is equipped of good trained pedagogues capable plenty for the acquisition needed by the pupils in our state. In fact. instructors in our state are extremely demanded and most preferred to be hired and work in other state. But it is the affair of the educational system that we have which is designed to learn a 12-year course of study. yet it is delivered in merely 10 old ages. Though some knocking it as a manner merely to realigned as to what is the swerving educational system to must hold. so why non follow it if it will prolong the development of the educational system of our state and there is nil incorrect with it. As to the inquiry of the effects that will be brought by the policy. certainly there will be many of those and it’s a portion of the alterations. Better because the authorities exists to elate the criterion of instruction in the state and non merely sitting down to their several offices and waiting what will go on to the hereafter of the pupils sing the current system. The policy exist with commissariats of plan to be administered for the sustainability of it. therefore to associate it with economic hinderances it should be another narrative that is deserving to be reflected and should non function as a hinderance for the development of one system in our state ( instruction ) . To make the development wherein the citizens are desiring. acknowledging the fact that it couldn’t be go oning at the same time is the first measure. But. out of the advantages that can be given by the policy. what is now to be considered as restraint is the clip. There is a demand to develop to the portion of the learning force. the installations and the equipments the state soon have. farther rating and thorough analysis as to the whatever outcome that can be brought by it. Implementing plans that will take to the positive realisation of the policy and use of media is a aid to perforate the heads of the parents and doing them realized the long term end product that the policy can give by. In short. a more prepared state is in demand for the promotion to incur in the educational system. REFERENCES PDF files: Batomalaque. Antonio. Basic Science Development Program of the Philippines for International Cooperation. University of San Carlos. ; Marinas. Bella and Ditapat. Maria. Philippines: Curriculum and Development. UNESCO International Bureau of Education International Engineering Alliance. The Washington Accord. hypertext transfer protocol: //www. washingtonaccord. org/Washington- Accord/FAQ. cfm ( Accessed 11 September 2010 ) Mullis. I. V. S. . Martin. M. O. . Robitaille. D. F. . A ; Foy. P. ( 2009 ) . Chestnut Hill. MA. Trends in International Mathematics and Science Advanced 2008. National Center for Education Statistics. Highlights from the Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study 2003. December 2004 Seamo-Innotech. Additional Years in Philippine Basic Education: Rationale and Legal Bases. Presentation to the Department of Education on 25 August 2010. Presentation notes of Dr. Isagani Cruz. 28 September 2010. Articles/ Diaries: Jane Uymatiao. Why we need DepEd’s K-12 Program. Sunday. 22 January 2012. Retrived from hypertext transfer protocol: //www. thepoc. net/commentaries/14612-why-we-need-depeds-k-12-program. hypertext markup language ( Accessed 15 March 2012 ) Joe Padre. Pros A ; Cons in the K+12 Basic Education Debate. October 14. 2010. Retrived from hypertext transfer protocol: //mlephil. wordpress. com/2010/10/14/pros-cons-of-the-k12-debate/ ( Accesed 14 March 2012 ) Jonathan Plucker. Problems as Possibilities: Problem – based learningforK-12education. Retrievedfrom hypertext transfer protocol: //findarticles. com/p/articles/mi_hb6470/is_1_22/ai_n28742235/ ( Accessed 11 March 2012 ) Junifen F. Gauuan. K+12 Policy Framework: Pessimistic. Optimistic or Realistic? . March 26. 2011. Retrieved from hypertext transfer protocol: //www. aldersgate-college. com/news/high-school/k12-policy-framework-pessimistic-optimistic-or-realistic/ ( Accessed 6 March 2012 ) K-12 Challenge to Philippine Tertiary Education. Retrieved from hypertext transfer protocol: //rodrigo75. wordpress. com/2011/04/19/k-12-challenge-to-philippine-tertiary-education/ ( Accessed 29 March 2012 ) . Sarah Katrina Maramag. Proposed K12 Basic Education System in the Philippines. Is the K-12 theoretical account good for the Philippine Education System? . via Philippine Online Chronicles. Retrived from hypertext transfer protocol: //blogwatch. tv/2011/05/proposed-k-12-basic-education-system-in-the-philippines/ ( Accessed 10 March 2012 ) Virnads. K12 in the Philippines: A Reform or Deform. Manila Philippines. June 13. 2011. Retrieved from hypertext transfer protocol: //www. allvoices. com/contributed-news/9379822-k12-in-the-philippines-a-reform-or-deform ( Accessed 12 March 2012 ) .

Understanding Fraternity and Sorority Rush

Understanding Fraternity and Sorority Rush Fraternities and sororities are undergraduate Greek-letter groups designed to offer social and academic and support for their members. The organizations originated in the late 1700s with the Phi Beta Kappa Society. About nine million students belong to fraternities and sororities. The National Panhellenic Conference has 26 sororities and 69 fraternities belong to the North American Interfraternity Council. Along with these larger groups, there are a number of smaller fraternities and sororities that are not affiliated with these organizations. What Is Rush? College kids who are interested in Greek life typically go through a ritual known as rush, which consists of a series of social events and gatherings that allow prospective and current fraternity or sorority members to get to know each other. Each institution has its own particular style for conducting rush. Rush lasts anywhere from a week to several weeks. Depending on the university, rush may take place prior to the beginning of the fall semester, a week or two into fall, or at the beginning of the second semester. At the end of this getting acquainted period, Greek houses offer bids to those students they feel would be the best fit for membership. Sorority Rush Women are usually expected to visit each sorority in order to meet its members so that sisters in the house can get a feel for their personality and determine if they are a compatible fit. Sorority sisters may sing or put on the show to welcome potential members when they visit. Theres usually a short interview for prospective candidates and those who make the cut may be invited back for an additional meeting that might include dinner or an event. If youre a good fit for the sorority, they will likely offer you a bid to become a member of the house. Unfortunately, some women who really want bids don’t get them and wind up with hurt feelings instead. You can always go through rush again, or if the process feels too formal, informal rush usually takes place throughout the year so you can have the opportunity to meet the sorority sisters and get to know them in a more relaxed atmosphere. Fraternity Rush Fraternity rush is usually less formal than that of sororities. During rush, prospective candidates get to know the brothers in the house and vice versa to determine compatibility. The frat may host some type of informal event, such as a touch football game, a barbeque, or a party. After rush, fraternities give outbids. Those who accept become pledges. Most frats have a fall pledge class and another in the winter. If you dont get in, you can always rush again. What Is Greek Life Like? Greek life is portrayed as one big party in the movies, but in truth, theres much more to it than that. Fraternities and sororities that participate in philanthropic work have raised more than $7 million annually for a number of charities since 2011. Theyre also very focused on education and often require members to maintain a minimum GPA to remain in good standing. However, socializing is naturally a large part of Greek life, with parties and events scheduled throughout the year. The chance to meet new friends in an organized atmosphere is a big draw when students consider Greek life. In addition, older frat and sorority members can mentor new students who are adjusting to life on campus. That mentorship proves to be important as students who join fraternities and sororities have a 20 percent higher graduation rate than those who dont. Fraternities and sororities can also have an impact after students graduate and are moving on to the career phase of their lives. Connections made via fraternities and sororities can carry over when youre job hunting and are especially valuable for networking. Even sorority sisters and frat brothers from colleges other than the one you attended will feel at least some affinity for a job candidate who shares their Greek connection. It may not land you the job but it can often get you in the door.

Ethical practices in Business Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Ethical practices in Business - Essay Example These include community, environmental and social aspects and also the economic impacts (Holm & Lillywhite, 2002). Let us try and find out the ethical practices followed in some leading organizations. Westpac Banking Corporation Take the example of Westpac Banking Corporation. This is the first Australian bank which has developed and implemented a strict social, environmental and ethical code of conduct for the complete supply chain of about ten thousand companies. Such supplier companies need to strictly adhere to the requisite minimum standards of regulatory compliance and follow responsible and ethical business practices. According to the general manager of Westpac Banking Corporation, Lyn Lennard, companies which fail to maintain the standard business practices will be removed from the supply chain. The bank will be working closely and encourage these companies to adhere to the business practices. Moreover there will be time to time monitoring and review which will help the bank to ascertain whether such supply chain organizations are strictly following these standards (Westpac.com, 2008). BP Australia Pty Limited Let us consider the ethical practices at BP Australia Limited. Initially a local Australian company, this has now grown into a global energy group operating over 100 countries and employing over 100000 people worldwide (bp.com, 2011).

The Impacts Of Mobile Applications On The Hospitality Industry Essay

The Impacts Of Mobile Applications On The Hospitality Industry - Essay Example In other words, communication was made easier and repeated walks became a thing of the past. In a similar way, the receptionists had an easy time recording the number of guests going in and out of the respective premises (Engel, 2013). Mobile phones have as well improved communication efficiency. It is easier for a client to directly call the management to raise complaints and book appointments than with the old way of using letters (Engel, 2013). Also, almost all hospitality organizations have pages on social media and/ websites where potential clients can post comments and ask questions while sitting at their respective homes (Withiam, 2013). In the meantime, it is now possible, in many hospitality firms, to buy tickets online while sitting at home. Obviously, such clients are happy about how easy such and similar processes become and any hospitality organization that runs its operations using the manual ways of the past is considered as lagging behind times (Barnes, 2004; Hotel Ne ws Resource, 2013). Reducing operational costs Mobile technologies have gone an extra mile in reducing operational costs. Advertising costs, for instance, have been greatly cut short by the presence of social media. It is hard to find any meaningful hospitality organization without Facebook, Twitter and website to name a few (Hotel News Resource, 2013). Such social media platforms assist in reaching great numbers of potential clients from diverse background and or around the globe (Withiam, 2013). ... Mobile phones have as well improved communication efficiency. It is easier for a client to directly call the management to raise complaints and book appointments than with the old way of using letters (Engel, 2013). Also, almost all hospitality organizations have pages on social media and/ websites where potential clients can post comments and ask questions while sitting at their respective homes (Withiam, 2013). In the meantime, it is now possible, in many hospitality firms, to buy tickets online while sitting at home. Obviously, such clients are happy about how easy such and similar processes become and any hospitality organization that runs its operations using the manual ways of the past is considered as lagging behind times (Barnes, 2004; Hotel News Resource, 2013). Reducing operational costs Mobile technologies have gone an extra mile in reducing operational costs. Advertising costs, for instance, have been greatly cut short by the presence of social media. It is hard to find a ny meaningful hospitality organization without Facebook, Twitter and website to name a few (Hotel News Resource, 2013). Such social media platforms assist in reaching great numbers of potential clients from diverse background and or round the globe (Withiam, 2013). All the clients need is to know that there exists a company page or website from where he or she can learn more about the company, ask questions and post comments. All operations involving organizational performance analysis are made easy what with the use of social media commentaries, retweets and likes on Facebook (Engel, 2013). Travel costs are also greatly reduced. Aforementioned, rather than managers moving long distances just to inform other workers about

Cooperative Learning and Social Emotional Learning Research Paper

Cooperative Learning and Social Emotional Learning - Research Paper Example He discovered that two aspects in particular the student and student communication and interaction, and also the student and faculty communication and interaction, conveyed the largest influences and subsequently affected the largest majority of typical education results. His work endorsed earlier verdicts from Tinto’s (1989) imperative study on student retention that common and remunerating informal acquaintance with faculty associates is the sole sturdiest predictor of whether a student willingly withdraws from a school. Other analyses also encourage these results. Pascarella and Terenzini (1991) established that peer support is a significant aspect in student attentiveness in school. In the prologue to the Harvard Assessment Seminars: Second Report, Light (1990; 1992) concludes that all the research findings illustrate and point to one main idea which is that the students that get the most of school the happiest and who grow more academically organize their time well includ ing interpersonal activities with fellow students or with faculty members and build substantive academic work. Therefore, the value of amplified communication amidst students and amid students and faculty members ought to be evident. It is evident that technology if used wisely, can magnify the chances for eloquent discussion. Slavin, R. E., Stevens, R. J., & Madden, N. A. (1988). Accommodating Student Diversity in Reading and Writing Instruction A Cooperative Learning Approach.  Remedial and Special Education,  9(1), 60-66. Each student has his/her own learning bravura, individual learning and development speed or linguistic background knowledge. Therefore, the majority of student’s classes involve students with different learning capabilities. In this class settings of institutions such as state funded schools, beginners’ classes are directed towards students who have no previous

History of business Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

History of business - Essay Example In the next segment, historical perspectives of marketing, consumerism and entrepreneurship have been discussed. Further by discussing the impact of technology, changing nature of work and the concept of deindustrialization, an attempt has been made to highlight the historical evolution and portrait of the current business scenario. The term is specially referred to huge sized organizations or multinational businesses either in individual or collective sense. Today Microsoft, Google, General Motors, and Wal-Mart are leading organizations that are the leading Big Businesses. The term came on the horizon just after the American Civil War along with the combination movement when the US Congress passed the legislation to allow the individual business entities to form up corporations. From 1895 to 1905, small organizations or firms took benefits from new legislation and consolidated into huge corporation through mergers and acquisitions processes. During the early phase of the Big Business, the US government had a lenient policy toward the business. Along with large public opinion, the government also believed on the laissez-fair theory that demands free economic markets without the government intervention. Therefore free developing market environment created a competition that led to fair prices for consumers. But it was a temporary phase. Within few years, these corporations became dominant on the American industries. They quickly gained control of all the aspects of the market of their respective industry and set new business trends and American life sty les. Such corporations and their owners became exceedingly rich and influential mostly at the cost of numerous poor workers. For example during that era, Andrew Carnegie’s Carnegie Steel, John D. Rockefeller’s Standard Oil Company, J.P. Morgan’s Banking House, and Cornelius Vanderbilt’s New York Central Railroad System were the leading Big Business organizations. The owners of Big Business were

Major League Baseball PR Campaign Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Major League Baseball PR Campaign - Essay Example The experience of the ballpark is where memories are made for millions of Americans. It is from those fond recollections of youth that traditions are born. Baseball must once again tap into the reasons a father is compelled to take his son to the ball game. Owners are already aware of this reasoning. â€Å"Cap Day† type promotions are an offering of goodwill as much as a recognition of the strong bonds created when father and son go to the game. The implementation of this plan would not only be more cost effective than these types of programs, it would cost less than most other typical promotional events. The high salaries of ball players are high on the list of recent public criticism of baseball. Encouraging the players to become more fan-friendly melts away the millionaire pampered player image in addition to making memories that last a lifetime. Not only does this feed directly into the reasons families attend games together, it further cements the long-standing traditions that have kept Americans in the ballparks throughout the dubious recent events. Finally, the cost to the organizations and players is only time. Situation Analysis: America's pastime still hasn't recovered from the strike 10 years ago. In the nine years before the strike, the World Series averaged a strong 22.3 rating. The league was turning a profit during that entire time as well, with roughly $22 million in 1992 and $36 million in 1993. Following the strike, the numbers show a drastic decline in both ratings and revenue.

Social and Physical Benefits of Parks and Recreation Annotated Essay

Social and Physical Benefits of Parks and Recreation Annotated Bibliography - Essay Example The findings revealed that park use is an instrumental source of physical activity which benefitted users and residents within the area. As such, it was noted that the current number and location of public parks are insufficient to optimize service to the general local population. The article is deemed beneficial as a source of pertinent information regarding accessibility and overall improvement in physical activity of local residents, specifically those coming from the low-income level. Cohen, Deborah A., et al. "New Recreational Facilities for the Young and the Old in Los Angeles: Policy and Programming Implications." Journal of Public Health Policy (2009): Volume 30, S248–S263. Print. The study was conducted to determine any significant changes in terms of use of recreational facilities or parks after being remodeled or refurbished and compared with those which were not changed. The aim was specifically noted as determining whether â€Å"higher quality recreation faciliti es promote physical activity and serve communities better† (Cohen, Sehgal and Williamson S248). One skate park and one senior center were used as observation avenues and compared with two other skate parks and two senior centers that were not refurbished. The methods used the System for Observing Parks and Recreation in Communities (SOPARC) and validating interviews. The findings revealed that â€Å"park use results from a complex mix of factors that includes not only higher quality recreation facilities but also programming, staffing, fees, hours of operation, marketing, outreach, and perhaps a host of other human factors† (Cohen, Sehgal and Williamson S257). The information contained herein are therefore useful to the current research in terms of specifically identifying factors that could contribute to increased use of these facilities and therefore are instrumental in improving the health condition of users. Godbey, Geoffrey C.Caldwell, Linda L., Myron Floyd and Lau ra L. Payne. "Contributions of Leisure Studies and Recreation and Park Management Research to the Active Living Agenda." American Journal of Preventive Medicine (2005): Vol. 28, 150 –158. Print. The authors aimed to determine the source of studies involving leisure, recreation and park use with their alleged link to active living. Other concerns pertinent to the study included presenting aspects of government recreation and park services, concepts and methods in leisure studies as well as the management of recreation and park use, urban park use, and diverse factors that were apparently contributory to increased physical activity in leisure times. The findings revealed that a deeper understanding of leisure and the use of recreation and parks provide rationales on how park and recreational activities apparently contribute to physical activity, among others. The information contained in the study would therefore provide valuable insights to the current research. Payne, Laura L ., et al. "Local Park Use and Personal Health Among Older Adults: An Exploratory Study." Journal of Park and Recreation Administration (2005): Volume 23, Number 2, 1-20. Print. The study was reportedly conducted for the purpose of evaluating the relationship between the use of local parks and the health status of elders, aged 50 and above. Five specific research questions were explicitly stated; as the researchers allegedly used the exploratory research method with a conducted

Major League Baseball PR Campaign Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Major League Baseball PR Campaign - Essay Example The experience of the ballpark is where memories are made for millions of Americans. It is from those fond recollections of youth that traditions are born. Baseball must once again tap into the reasons a father is compelled to take his son to the ball game. Owners are already aware of this reasoning. â€Å"Cap Day† type promotions are an offering of goodwill as much as a recognition of the strong bonds created when father and son go to the game. The implementation of this plan would not only be more cost effective than these types of programs, it would cost less than most other typical promotional events. The high salaries of ball players are high on the list of recent public criticism of baseball. Encouraging the players to become more fan-friendly melts away the millionaire pampered player image in addition to making memories that last a lifetime. Not only does this feed directly into the reasons families attend games together, it further cements the long-standing traditions that have kept Americans in the ballparks throughout the dubious recent events. Finally, the cost to the organizations and players is only time. Situation Analysis: America's pastime still hasn't recovered from the strike 10 years ago. In the nine years before the strike, the World Series averaged a strong 22.3 rating. The league was turning a profit during that entire time as well, with roughly $22 million in 1992 and $36 million in 1993. Following the strike, the numbers show a drastic decline in both ratings and revenue.

Organizational learning and development report Essay

Organizational learning and development report - Essay Example Organization learning and development has been viewed in different perspective by different individuals and organizations. Organizational development is concerned with improve a business’s performance and personal development of its workers. Each business should be perceived as a coherent system made up of different parts. Organizational development as a procedure comprises of methodologies and gains in tactical arrangement, organizational plan, headship development, training, variety and balance between employment and life (Kozlowski & Salas 2009, p. 48). Learning is gained either from the individual level or team level. Organization learning and development can be summarized by figure one and two. In reference to Kozlowski and Salas (2009, p. 28) work, an organization may learn formally or informally: Informal Learning is the learning that the organization sets its targets, goals, and objectives to be achieved by itself while in formal learning, the organizations departments sets their targets, goals, and objectives and how to achieve them within the given time frame. However, both formal and informal learning is not involved with the learning but rather the person who directs the organization towards the achievement of the set goals and objectives. Informal learning relies on four main organization’s principles, which include context, cognizance, experimental, and relationship. Relationship learning occurs from interaction of individual or organization during their production. Cognizance learning occurs when an organization intents to learn about an aspect or a situation occurrence has forced the organization to learn. Context learning occurs outside the formal learning setting that is from either observing how differently thing are done by other organizations. Lastly experimental learning happen when an organization experiments a procedure/process then draws conclusion from the results achieved (Kozlowski & Salas, 2009, p. 30). Figure one belo w summarizes formal and informal learning activities. Figure 1 Factors Facilitating Learning in Organizations Learning can be described and expressed in different ways, individuals and organization can use different approaches in learning. Learning is a combination of cognitive and a behavioral procedure whereby new ideas end up to new behaviors and/or new actions lead to new ideas. Cognitive and behavioral change may happen simultaneously to improve concepts or may be separated by a time lag. The difference between a mere undirected action and learning is that cognitive development is either a pre-action incident or a result of innovated actions or capabilities. Learning is progressively seen as an active, public, and dynamic procedure, passed through individuals reflecting and acting together. The quality of learning socialization between people and societies is a major resource that needs to be grown and sustained. Learning has a close connection with knowledge; it is the procedu re that brings on a change in cognition and/or behavioral actions. Know how is dynamic; it happens to be useful, and picks on significance as an employee applies it to the organizational challenges. The concept of knowing refers to employees’ capability to advance, combine, and exchange their thoughts and expertise

Othello Essay Example for Free

Othello Essay In the play Othello written by Shakespeare, the issue of racism is addressed. Othello, the protagonist of the play, is African American or black. â€Å"According to Lois Whitney, many of Othello’s specific attributes probably derive from Shakespeare’s reading of Leo Africanus, whose Geographical Historie of Africa which was translated and published in London in 1600†(Berry, 1990). Many critics have different views on this. â€Å"If Shakespeare depended upon Leo Africanus for such details, he must have been much more interested in racial psychology than critics such as Bradley or Heilman suggest†(Berry, 1990). One of the most prominent features of this Shakespeare play is the numerous references to Othellos skin color made by multiple characters however some critics tend to ignore or underplay the issue of Othello’s race. Many critics have different views and arguments on Othello’s skin color. â€Å"A. C. Bradley, fro example, asserts that in regards to the essentials of his character Othello’s race is unimportant, and that Shakespeare would have laughed if anyone had congratulated him on the accuracy of his racial psychology† (Skura 2008). Others differ and believe Othello’s race was important. â€Å"Laurence Lemer calls Othello the story of a barbarian who relapses and concludes that Shakespeare suffered from colour prejudice† (Berry, 1990). Throughout the play Othello is referred to as a Moor. Moor is a term meaning a descent from Africa. â€Å"Harold Clarke Goddard argues that Othello is neither a Negro nor a Moor but any many who is more beautiful within than he is without† (Skura, 2008). Some critics even put the audience of the play into consideration. The potential impact of his physical appearance upon audiences is suggested by Charles Lamb’s frank admission that although he could find Othello admirable in the reading he was only repelled by the figure of a coal-black Moor on stage, he concluded that the play should rather be read and not seen† (Berry, 1990). Many critics have tended to ignore or underplay the issue of Othello’s skin color, but these select critics have not. Along with critics making references to Othello’s race, many characters in the play do as well. The characters that are most racist refer to Othello by his real name less than the people who are least racist. â€Å"Othello’s blackness is not only a mark of his physical alienation but a symbol, to which every character in the play himself included must respond† (Berry, 1990). Othello does not refer to himself as African but rather as an exotic Venetian. Other characters do not see Othello as that. Many characters call Othello numerous names other than his real one. â€Å"For Iago Othello is an old black ram, the devil, and a barbary horse† (Berry, 1990). Many see Othello’s blackness as a symbol of ugliness, bestiality, treachery, and demonic. None of those words describe how Othello really is. Those words are the stereotypical definition of what a black man is. This stereotypical definition puts Othello is a predicament and makes his acceptance in the Venetian society difficult. â€Å"Once such critics conclude that Othello is not a stereotype, he tends to lose his individuality as a Moor and to become a representative of humanity† (Berry, 1990). The stereotypical image of a black man plays an important role in the play’s ending. Since this play is a tragedy and Othello is a tragic hero, his blackness does play a role in that. A tragic hero is the protagonist in a tragedy. This play is a tragedy considering Othello commits murder and ultimately takes his own life. â€Å"Othello’s Africanness is crucial to his tragedy not because of what he is, innately or culturally but because of how he is perceived by others and himself† (Skura, 2008). If it wasn’t for Othello being black, the play may have had a different outcome. Throughout the play, Othello sees himself either as an exotic Venetian, a convert in the fullest sense, capable of complete assimilation, or he sees himself as a barbarian, worthy of destruction† (Berry, 1990). In the play Othello was worthy of destruction. It was the racism and hatred that drove him to it. If the other characters weren’t so judgmental about his skin color, the play would have ended very differently. â€Å"His failure to break free of this constricting framework, to achieve a true sense of personal identity, is one of the play’s most powerful sources of tragic feeling† (Berry, 1990). With all the commotion over Othello’s race, it really didn’t give him a chance to be himself. By him being black, it makes him feel less accepted into his society. â€Å"Othello attempts to shape an image of himself that will win acceptance in Venice† (Berry, 1990). Critics also even see how Othello’s identity is altered by the constant racial tension against him in the play. â€Å"Stephen Greenblatt argues, Othello’s identity depends upon a constant performance of his story, a loss of his own origins, an embrace and perpetual reiteration of the norms of another culture† (Greenblatt, 1990). All of this racism in the play causes Othello some serious anxiety. Anxiety is a condition that can drive an individual to do things that are out of character for them. â€Å"He cannot probe the real cause of his anxiety because to do so would be utterly destructive, leaving him with only two options: to embrace his blackness and hurl its beauty and power in the face of his enemies, as does Aaron in Titus Andronicus, or to internalize their image of him and yield to self-loathing† (Berry, 1990). Othello doesn’t really do either in the play. He let others put thoughts into his head about his wife cheating on him with another man, which led to a murder scene where he killed his wife and in the end took his own life too. â€Å"His immediate reaction to the murder thus reflects his divided image of himself: he is either doomed like all great men or destroyed by his own blackness† (Skura, 2008). Based on the evidence in the play, Othello is definitely destroyed by his own blackness. His blackness is what drove him to commit the murder and kill himself. In conclusion, Othello’s skin color is central to the play. â€Å"It is important not merely because Shakespeare portrays Othello as a Moor or because racial tension and anxiety pervade the atmosphere of Venetian society, affecting Othello’s relationship with every character and increasing his susceptibility to Iago’s appeal; it is important because Othello himself in his aspirations towards assimilation and anxieties about his blackness, internalizes a false dichotomy that can only dehumanize him† (Berry, 1990). This play does give the stereotype of black people a negative name. Many critics argue what role his race played in the play. Some think it was really important while others argue it wasn’t important at all. One of the most prominent features of this Shakespeare play is the numerous references to Othellos skin color made by multiple characters however some critics tend to ignore or underplay the issue of Othello’s race.

Evaluating Organisation Values and Structure

Evaluating Organisation Values and Structure Organization culture can be defined as a functional element of a business that comprise of organizational values, experiences and beliefs and the cultural norms of the organization. The specific collection of these values and attributes are shared by the employees within an organization and are controlled according to the level of interaction between them. The main protectors of organizational cultures are the employees within the organization and the stakeholders outside the organization. Thus this report discusses the key aspects of organizational culture and behaviour and also covers basic theories related to organizational management. Organizational values can be attributed to the beliefs and ideas of the individuals within the organizations regarding the strategic goals. The organizational values are conveyed right from the top of the organizational pyramid to the bottom. As far as organizational culture is concerned, there are various factors comprising of the organizational culture. These factors include employees, creation of values, growth, commitment, motivation and future emphasis. Organizational values and culture influences the kind of behaviour individuals carry within a work place. Thus these are the basic concept regarding organizational culture and values. It is a well known fact that an organization cannot succeed without a sound organizational culture and positive behaviour of the individuals comprising the organization. There are various factors that influence the behaviour of individuals and are an important part of the organizational culture. All these phenomenons and other activities such as coordination, task allocations which are collectively directed towards achieving the organizational objectives consist of the organizational structure. Most of the organizations have organization structures comprising of the clustered entities. The structure of an organization depends of its objectives and the strategies which are formulated to achieve these objectives. Organizational structure enables giving responsibilities for different business operations to various business entities such as department, workgroup or team, individuals and many more. If an organization doesnt have a sound structure, there are chances that it might face difficulties in achieving its objectives. We shall now discuss organizational structure and culture in more detail. Organizations witness different cultures because they consist of different types of individuals. The culture within an organization has direct implications on its performance and also reflects its values and beliefs. If there is no alignment between the organizational culture and the companys business strategies, the company will struggle to work with full potential and satisfy the objectives of its stakeholders. There are many types of organizational cultures as suggested by various academic scholars. First of all, there can be Collaborate organizational culture which is found where the workplace is open and friendly and employees share lot of things among themselves. Next is the Create culture wherein the workplace is dynamic, entrepreneurial and innovative and experimentation is considered to be the driving factor for development. Then we have the Control culture wherein the organization is very structured and formal and employee behaviour is governed by the set rules and procedur es. Finally, we have Competitive culture which is observed in the results seeking organizations with employees being highly competitive, goal-oriented and productive. Thus these are different types of organizational cultures which have direct or indirect effects of business performance. The main factor of organizational structure and culture that drives the performance is leadership. Leadership is characterized by the focus on internal business environment, organizational effectiveness and business results. Thus all the organizations thrive to create a sustainable and robust culture that ensures future viability of the business and enhanced performance. Figure 1 explains the main factors of organizational culture and its impact on performance. Figure1: Organizational Culture and Performance Factors influencing Individual behaviour Individual behaviour within a workplace is influenced by various factors such as emotions, culture, persuasion, values, norms, ethics and personal attitudes. The main factor influencing human behaviour is the work environment and organizational culture. For example, if an employee is highly motivates within a workplace, he/she would develop a positive approach towards work and the productivity will increase along with the profits. On the other hand, if an individual faces issues such as ignorance, demoralization, corruption and unethical behaviour, this will have a negative impact of the individuals behaviour. Moreover the individuals abilities and skills, perception and personality also help in determining his/her behaviour within an organization. Thus there are the main factors that affect an individuals behaviour within an organization. Organizational Theories There are various organizational theories in academic literature using which the organizations survive in the competitive market. The foremost organizational theory is the contingency theory which suggests that whenever the company management takes important decision, they should consider all the aspects of the companys current performance and act accordingly. Next is the systems theory which considers the organizations in a broader perspective and helps in interpreting the market and anticipating the needs of customers. Then we have the scientific management theory which helps in accurate measurement and monitoring of organizational tasks and also the strategies developed in order to achieve these goals. Finally there is the human relations theory which supports the idea of trade unions and government regulations. According to this theory, more emphasis is given to employees and their potential in the organization. The main culture and subculture within an organization plays an important role in the company and is also vital for its success or failure. Thus these are the basic organizational theories that play a significant role in organizational management. These theories help in every aspect of organizational management as they help is management operations such as sales forecast, performance monitoring, decision making, enhancing the business networks and so on. Thus we shall now discuss about management theories and organizational culture of two organizations namely Google and Microsoft. Google have very different and unique approaches towards management. The main management approach of Google is effective employee handling and motivation by providing a wonderful experience at work. All Google employees are called as Googlers and the whole organizational culture of Google is very unique. For example, employees have the liberty to comment on the companys strategies or give suggestions to the top management personals. The company management principles consider all its employees equally important for the success of the company. Googlers were allowed to carry their pets at workplace, were given free lunch and snacks and other amenities. Thus one can clearly suggest that Googles zero percent employee turnover rate is an excellent testament to its respectable organizational culture. Moving onto Microsoft, managers here are described as Mentors and employees as Pupils. Mentors in Microsoft carry high profile with a wealth of knowledge and experience whereas pupils are encouraged to be hard-working and enthusiastic to take risks. Microsoft has been successful over the years by using a sound organizational structure. The company is managed by 10 Board of Directors who are elected every year. The company is sub-categorized into various teams that handle critical aspects of business. All the employees of Microsoft share the same values and beliefs and the expectations they have from the company. These shared views affect the companys performance, decision making and also team performance. Employees are allowed to grow within the company as a part of the strong organizational culture Microsoft has. Thus over the years, Microsoft has successfully used its organizational culture and resources in order to achieve its business objectives. Thus these are the different approaches towards management of two organizations namely Google and Microsoft. There is one thing common between the two companies as far as the role of technology in organizational culture is concerned. Both the companies are equipped with latest technological gadgets that make it easy for them to give good performance, analyze markets, anticipate future forecasts and many more. One can clearly comment that indeed the organizational culture and sound approaches towards organizational management are the basic elements needed by the organization to have an edge over its rivals. Thus we shall now discuss about various leadership styles and their effectiveness in leadership approaches. Importance of different leadership styles Leadership style can be defined as the effective behaviour of leaders towards achieving team objectives and management of the team. It can also be considered as the way of giving direction to others, implementing strategies and motivating individuals. There are numerous leadership styles discussed in the academic history. We shall now discuss about different leadership styles and their importance in organizational performance. The first is autocratic style where all the decision making authority lies with the leader. Here the leader doesnt pay much attention to the suggestions given to him/her and all the initiatives taken are the leaders responsibility. The only advantage here is that the leader possesses extreme wealth of knowledge and experience which is used to achieve organizational goals. Next is the Participative style wherein the leader consults his/her group of team before making decisions. This is very advantageous as far as team performance is concerned. This style also he lps members of the team to self motivate by taking active part in team discussions. Democratic leadership style ensures that the leader takes the final decision but consults a couple of individuals regarding the decision making process. This leadership style is a sign of strength as it helps in earning the respect from employees. Finally we have the free reign leadership style, wherein employees are allowed to take their own decisions. However the responsibility of the decision lies on the leaders shoulder but this helps the employees to analyze situations and determine the strategies. Here the tasks are generally completed based on the priority factor of an individual task. Thus these are some of the leadership styles that the leaders in real world carry with themselves in order to complete tasks or achieve organizational goals. There are various factors that influence the different leadership styles within the organization. These include available time, responsibility, and possession of information, knowledge of employees, internal conflicts, and stress levels, type of objectives and finally the rules and regulations of the organization. All these factors highly influence the leadership styles in a way that there is lot of uncertainty that same style would be used for the whole process of achieving organizational objectives. Thus these are the main issues regarding different leadership styles and their effectiveness. Motivation Theories In order to discuss the application of motivational theories within a workplace, we shall first discuss about different types motivational theories. The first is the incentive theory wherein a tangible or an intangible reward or benefit is given to the employee after completion of a particular task or exceptional services. According to this theory, the reward given to the employee will motivate him/her to continue giving exceptional service to the organization and develop positive attitude towards work. Next is the need motivational theory suggesting that the needs and wants of a human being reflect the type of performance given by them. The fulfilment of one need motivates individuals to work harder in order to fulfil the next need or a want. Over the years, there has been very strong relationship between the motivation theories and management practices in organizations. Motivation theories are the driving factors that positively influence the performance of individuals and hence the company. On the other hand, management theories cover effective administration as well as the business. Both these theories are interrelated and work together. For example, a manager motivates an employee by giving certain benefits or rewards for hard work and as a result the productivity of the employee goes up and so does the profits of the company. In this case, the manager applied motivation theory and the whole process comes under the management theory which includes using relevant resources in order to meet the objectives or get the work done. Moreover, if a sound motivation theory is not applied then the overall process of management has chances of not meeting the expected outcomes. Thus one can clearly suggest that indeed, the motivat ion theories have sound influence on the management theories within any given organization. Thus we shall now try to evaluate the nature and work behaviour of groups or teams and also discuss the factors that lead to their failure or effectiveness. Team effectiveness and failure A very common practice observed within many organizations is the formation and working in teams. Working in team enables completion of goals with team efforts and condensing bigger objectives into smaller individual tasks. Teams can be formed within an organization with different departments, rank of employees, based on projects and also based on abilities of individuals. In the case of team efforts, the whole team is responsible for completion of the given task and if one member underperforms then it can affect the performance of the whole team. Thus specific groups are formed in order to complete the given task in a specific manner which a single individual cannot perform. Groups or teams have different natures or behaviours which influence their performance. The team or group can be ambitious, enthusiastic, hard-working, motivated, inexperienced, disorganized and many more. All these factors directly or indirectly lead to the team effectiveness or failure. The factors or behaviour of the team that leads to its effectiveness are high morale, motivation, energetic, high experience, well coordinated and hard working. For example, if a team has these factors then it can easily coordinate and work hard collectively in order to achieve team goals. On the other hand, factors such as individual concerns, lack of coordination, dissatisfaction among members, over ambitious leader, low morale and lack of experience can lead to the team failure within an organization. For example, if a team has less experience and coordination among team members, then it is obvious that the performance cannot be enhanced and thus leading to the team failure. Thus these are the main factors that affect the whole performance of the team and which lead to the team effectiveness or failure. We shall now analyze the role of technology on team functioning within an organization. Impact of Technology on Team Functioning In todays world, almost all the businesses are loaded with technology and make the full use of technological equipments in order to run their administration tasks. Technologies such as e-mails, mobile phones, Blackberry, groupware, computers and laptops have played significant role in improving team performance. For example, if team members are not at a same place, they can still have a communication via the e-mail. Mobile phones have brought a big revolution in the world of technology which helps team members when they are out of the office, on the road or otherwise unavailable. Groupware helps the team members to plan important meetings and collaborate in a virtual environment which can be accessed from all parts of the world. Finally computers and laptops allow team members to use internet and perform various business tasks very easily. Thus these are the main factors that have a deep impact on the team functioning. There are so many other technological factors that influence the team performance. For example, there has been extensive advancement in the technological gadgets such as video conferencing, web cam, fax, printers, scanners and many more have direct or indirect influence on team functioning. As far as information technology is concerned, it helps the team to perform back-end operations such as monitoring sales forecast, managing customer database, conducting business through websites, using various software and many more. Information technology plays a vital role in todays organizations and is the determining factor for the success or failure of the organization. The development of information technology over the years is showing no signs of slowing down. A region-wide Wi-Fi and nanotechnology are the latest inventions that boost all the aspects of business functionalities. Thus these are the main impacts of technology on the team as wells as business functioning. Conclusion Thus one can clearly suggest from all the above discussions that indeed a sound organizational culture and organizational structure plays the determining factor for the success or failure of the organization. In this competitive business environment, all the companies are constantly trying to improve their organizational culture so that they can have an edge over their competitors. Employees are a very important aspect of organizational culture and thus there are various factors that influence individual behaviour at the workplace. Thus these organizational theories underpin all the basic principles of management. The example of Google and Microsoft explained that how a sound organizational culture helped the companies to progress toward their desired goals. An organization consists of various individuals and these individuals can work together forming various teams among themselves. As we have seen, there are many factors that affect the team performance and thus a positive organizational culture will always have a positive impact on the team performance. Finally, the use of technology in recent years has been the driving factor in the effective working of a team or an individual or a company.